Human Research

Research involving human participants must be conducted in accordance with internationally accepted ethical principles, including the Declaration of Helsinki, and follow the recommendations of COPE and ICMJE. Authors must obtain approval from an appropriate Institutional Review Board (IRB) or Ethics Committee and secure informed consent from all participants where applicable.

Animal Research

Research involving animals must comply with recognized institutional, national, and international guidelines for the ethical care and use of animals. Authors should minimize animal suffering and clearly state that ethical approval was obtained from the appropriate review committee.

Editorial Compliance

JNBIT reserves the right to reject manuscripts that fail to meet ethical requirements for human or animal research. Editors and reviewers assess ethical compliance in accordance with COPE and ICMJE recommendations before publication.